Educational models prioritizing intrinsic motivation are models that focus on increasing inherent satisfaction in learning an activity separate from any other results, e.g. enjoying the subject.

Educational models prioritizing extrinsic motivation are models that reward or punish students with the intent of having them behave and perform accordingly, e.g. grades and school punishments.

Official Development Assistance (ODA) is government aid designed to promote the economic development and welfare of developing countries. This can be in the form of financial aid (e.g., grants, loans), technical and capacity-building aid (e.g., education, professional training), and humanitarian crisis response (e.g. disaster relief, support for refugees

The narrative of "individual environmental responsibility" suggests that individuals are the main actors responsible for environmental causes. It urges individuals to contribute by doing environmentally-friendly actions according to their own capacities; e.g. reducing energy usage, using electric vehicles, reducing meat consumption, etc.​

A diaspora is a large group of people who share cultural heritage or homeland who have since moved out to and resided in other places all over the world.

A diaspora is a large group of people who share cultural heritage or homeland who have since moved out to and resided in other places all over the world.